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Lab reports 6 min read

How to read a certificate of analysis (COA)

Learn what potency, terpenes, and contaminant panels mean on a typical cannabis COA — without making health claims.

Licensed products in regulated markets often ship with a certificate of analysis (COA) from a state-licensed laboratory. The COA summarizes batch-level testing for that specific production lot.

Potency sections list cannabinoids such as THC and CBD as percentages or mg/g. These numbers describe the tested sample, not a guarantee of how you will experience the product.

Terpene profiles describe aromatic compounds. They help compare batches but are not a substitute for label directions or professional advice.

Safety panels cover residual solvents, pesticides, microbials, and heavy metals depending on state rules. A pass/fail or action limit column shows whether the batch met regulatory thresholds at test time.

Always match the COA batch or lot ID to the packaging in your hand. Retailers that publish COA links on menus make this easier.

This content is for general education only and is not medical advice. Laws and product availability vary by location.